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The Sub-Entry Nozzle (SEN) is one of the most critical refractory components used in continuous casting of steel. Installed between the tundish and the mold, the SEN performs essential metallurgical and operational functions: stabilizing…

Slide gate plates are key functional refractories installed in the ladle or tundish slide gate system to control steel flow during casting.Introduction. Slide gate plates are key functional refractories installed in the ladle…

Einleitung Ladle-Shrouds (Tauchrohre / Ausgussrohre) sind kritische funktionale feuerfeste Bauteile in der Stahlproduktion: Sie schützen den flüssigen Stahl beim Übergang von der Pfanne (Ladle) in die Tundish vor Sekundäroxidation und…

1. Introduction In modern continuous casting operations, the tundish nozzle plays a crucial role in regulating molten steel flow from the tundish into the Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) or directly into the mold. Its reliability and…

The monoblock stopper rod is a critical flow-control component in the continuous casting process. Installed in the ladle or tundish slide-gate system, the stopper rod regulates molten steel flow by adjusting the opening area between the…

In continuous casting and ladle refining processes, the slide gate system plays a decisive role in controlling molten steel flow. Among all components, the slide gate plates—consisting of the upper plate, lower plate, collector nozzle…